sociology pt3

The process through which academic social and cultural skills are developed

Skills knowledge and experience that can generate economic value

Through college night classes or learning a trade

Unspoken rules values and norms learned in school outside formal academics

Educate socialize and transmit values beliefs and norms

They act as sorting machines that reproduce inequality

Student outcomes are shaped more by large racial and economic than school resources

Dividing students into classes based on ability or future plans, Intends to foster better learning environment, by putting students on track to match their goals

Higher achievement graduation rates and college attendance

Lower unemployment and preparation for skilled labor

General track students aren't prepared for vocational/college, track determines life chances

Privileged and white students

Networks and connections that help access opportunities

Private schools especially Catholic perform better academically

School suspension leads to later incarceration Discipline can shape long-term outcomes

Emphasis on degrees as signals of status or qualification

Sat only predicts college outcomes accurately if you’re white Score correlated with race, ethnicity, class Prediction power of sat stems from correlation between test scores and family background

Position based on income education and occupation

Nonfinacial assets, such as education, intellect, style of speed, dress, that promotes social mobility and success

Fear of confirming negative stereotypes about ones group

System of beliefs and practices around sacred things, Set of shared stories that guides belief and actions, Shapes social behavior by setting expectations, distinguish right/wrong

Sacred is holy and set apart profane is ordinary

Argued thar religion was used to keep workers from questioning their oppressed position in everyday life, by promising riches in the afterlife

Protestantism supports capitalism through work ethic, spending it on pleasure and personal thing aren't allowed

Function of religion is to promote social unity or solidarity by strengthening the collective conscience (with reliiogus force)

Coexistence of diverse religious groups

Religious framework giving life meaning and order

Low tension mainstream religious organization, world affirming

High tension group often attracting marginalized people, Downplay worldly pleasure by stressing otherworldly promises, become churches if big enough

Make new claim about supernatural, High tension, antagonize social world, antagonised by some, does not fit well in sect-church cycle, some are successful, some destroy themselves

Rising global temperature due to greenhouse gases

Climate change caused by human activity

Era defined by human impact on Earth

Study of social processes that's compressed since it's shorter during disasters

Defining social problems as medical issues, Tends to overlook social factors that go beyond treatment

Presence of illness

Incidence of death

Environmental influence on gene expression

Social status influences health outcomes

Rights: exempt from normal social roles, not responsible for their condition obligation: must try to get well, must seek competent help wnd follow medical advice

Illness shaped by social and cultural meaning aside from biological

Overlapping identities shaping inequality

Early experiences influence later outcomes

Group behavior that challenges norms

Organized effort to create or resist change

Like minded people gather and act together, pros: consist of likeminded people, can occur without much planning, cons: Inconsistency of group actions

people’s tendency to conform to behavior of others whom they are in close contact (peer pressure), pros: Emotional escalation Rapid spread of behavior in crowd, cons: Downplay agency individually Inconsistency of group actions

Emphasizes influences of keynoters in promoting new behavioral norms, pros: Keynoters = leaders they’re just the first to react oftenly, whose behavior sets standard, cons: checkdoc

Emergence coalescence institutionalization

How movements present issues to gain support

a distinct, intersecting form of oppression where racism and sexism combine to create unique injustices for people of color, particularly women, based on intertwined racial and gender stereotypes

limited societal change, specific people

radical societal change, specific people

limited societal change, entire society

radical societal change, entire society

just check the doc

When disruptions reaches certain threshold, gives rise to social movement, thus it is a respond to structural strain

Actors maek rational cost-benefits calculation before joining a social movement

Most dominant, succeed not just through grievances, need favorable political opportunities, strong mobilizing structures, and effective framing align, Cons Downplay cultural emotional compoentns

When problem is first identified

Resource become mobilized (concrete action is taken

Institutionalized and a formal structure develops to promote the cause

Social problem that’s stated in a clear, easily understood manner

Social movements that state clear solutions, means of implementation

Call to action